Physiochemical properties of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) play a vital role in nano-bio interactions. which are critical for nanotoxicity and nanomedicine research. To understand the effects of NP hydrophobicity on the formation of the protein corona. we synthesized four gold NPs with a continuous change in hydrophobicity ranging from −2. https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/echinacea/